What distinguishes a vulnerability from a threat in cybersecurity?

Understanding the distinction between a vulnerability and a threat is crucial in cybersecurity. A vulnerability refers to a weakness in a system, application, or process that can be exploited by attackers. This could include software bugs, misconfigurations, or design flaws that may allow unauthorized access or actions. On the other hand, a threat is any potential danger that exploits that vulnerability; it represents the likelihood or risk of harm resulting from an attack or breach.

In essence, the relationship is one where the vulnerability serves as an avenue for a threat to manifest. If a system has multiple vulnerabilities, it may be susceptible to various types of threats, making it important to identify and remediate vulnerabilities to reduce potential risk. This foundational understanding is vital for effective risk management and developing a robust security posture.